{"id":341,"date":"2017-08-13T17:38:24","date_gmt":"2017-08-13T09:38:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/?p=341"},"modified":"2017-08-13T17:40:06","modified_gmt":"2017-08-13T09:40:06","slug":"%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6python-%e8%b0%88%e8%b0%88%e6%88%91%e5%af%b9args%e5%92%8ckwargs%e7%9a%84%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/?p=341","title":{"rendered":"\u521d\u5b66python–\u8c08\u8c08\u6211\u5bf9*args\u548c**kwargs\u7684\u7406\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/h3>\n

1. \u6982\u62ec\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48*args\u548c**kwargs<\/strong>
\n 2. \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3<\/strong>
\n 3. *args\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>
\n 4. **kwargs\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>
\n 5. \u53c2\u6570x\u3001*args\u3001**kwargs\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n

tip\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8epython3.5<\/p>\n

1. \u6982\u62ec\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48*args\u548c**kwargs
\n\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66python\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u597d\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5e72\u561b\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u770b\u7740\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a**\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u4e86C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u6df1\u6df1\u7684\u6c89\u601d…
\n\u67e5\u9605\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u662f\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u5b9a\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3
\n\u53eb\u505a\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662ftuple\u548cdict\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662fargs\u548ckwargs\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f*\u548c**\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff1a*amao\u548c**agou\u3002\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

def function(*args, **kwargs):\r\n    print(\"args\", args, type(args))\r\n    print(\"kwargs\", kwargs, type(kwargs))\r\n    print(\"=\"*40)\r\n\r\ndef function1(*amao, **agou):\r\n    print(\"amao\", amao, type(amao))\r\n    print(\"agou\", agou, type(agou))\r\n    print(\"=\"*40)\r\n\r\nfunction(1, b=2)\r\nfunction1(3, b=4)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
args (1,) <class 'tuple'>\r\nkwargs {'b': 2} <class 'dict'>\r\n========================================\r\namao (3,) <class 'tuple'>\r\nagou {'b': 4} <class 'dict'>\r\n========================================\r\n<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
3. *args\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528
\n*args\u662f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u503c\u3002\u4e0d\u5149\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u91cd\u70b9\u8bf4\u540e\u8005\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a*args\u63a5\u6536\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
def function(x, y, *args):\r\n    print(x, y, args)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
1 2 (3, 4, 5)\r\n========================================\r\n<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5f53*args\u53c2\u6570\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4*args\u53c2\u6570\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\uff1f<\/p>\n
def function(x, y, *args, z):\r\n    print(x, y, args, z)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n
TypeError: function() missing 1 required keyword-only argument: 'z'\r\n<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6307\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\uff0cz=6\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
def function(x, y, *args, z=6):\r\n    print(x, y, args, z)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
1 2 (3, 4, 5) 6\r\n========================================\r\n<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
4. **kwargs\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528
\n**kwargs\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002python\u4e2d\u4ee5dict\u7c7b\u578b\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u8fb9\u957f\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u5269\u4f59\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u3002
\n\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
def function(**kwargs):\r\n    print(kwargs)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(a=1, b=2, c=3)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}\r\n========================================\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u63a5\u6536\u5269\u4f59\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
def function(x, **kwargs):\r\n    print(x, kwargs)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(10, a=1, b=2, c=3)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
10 {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}\r\n========================================\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u628ax\u548c**kwargs\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8c03\u6362\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
def function(**kwargs, x):\r\n    print(x, kwargs)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(a=1, b=2, c=3, 10)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u8bf4\u6211\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n
def function(**kwargs, x):\r\n^\r\nSyntaxError: invalid syntax\r\n<\/pre>\n
5. \u53c2\u6570x\u3001*args\u3001**kwargs\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06*args\/**kwargs \u548c \u53c2\u6570x\u8c03\u6362\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\u3002
\n\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u53c2\u6570x\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u66f4\u6362*args\u548c**kwargs\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n
def function(x, **kwargs, *args):\r\n    print(x, args, kwargs)\r\n    print(\"=\" * 40)\r\n\r\nfunction(1, a=3, b=4, c=5, 6, 7)\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u62a5\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u53c8\u8bf4\u6211\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n
def function(x, **kwargs, *args):\r\n^\r\nSyntaxError: invalid syntax\r\n<\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u53c2\u6570x\u3001*args\u3001**kwargs\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u662f(x,*args,**kwargs)\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a 1. \u6982\u62ec\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48*args\u548c** … More \u521d\u5b66python–\u8c08\u8c08\u6211\u5bf9*args\u548c**kwargs\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[11,37],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=341"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":343,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341\/revisions\/343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}