{"id":142,"date":"2017-06-21T00:58:54","date_gmt":"2017-06-20T16:58:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/?p=142"},"modified":"2017-06-21T01:06:24","modified_gmt":"2017-06-20T17:06:24","slug":"%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6python-%e8%ae%a4%e8%af%86%e8%a3%85%e9%a5%b0%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/?p=142","title":{"rendered":"\u521d\u5b66python&#8211;\u8ba4\u8bc6\u88c5\u9970\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/h1>\n<h3>0x00\u5199\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762<\/h3>\n<h3>0x01\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<h3>0x02\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5d4c\u5957\uff0c\u4f20\u53c2<\/h3>\n<h3>0x03\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3<\/h3>\n<h3>0x04\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5f15\u5165\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u5d4c\u5957\u548c\u663e\u793a\u8c03\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<h3>0x05\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6@\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u7528<\/h3>\n<h3>0x06\u591a\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<h3>0x07\u5e26\u53c2\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h3>\n<h3>0x08\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<h3>0x09\u7c7b\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h3>\n<h3>0x0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h3>\n<h3>0x0b\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u8d44\u6599<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/h1>\n<h4>0x00\u5199\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u54ea\u91cc\u5199\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff0c\u656c\u8bf7\u6307\u51fa\u3002\u53ea\u89e3\u91ca\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u7406\u672a\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0b\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u8bf4\u8bf4python\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u770b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u65f6\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u5750\u5728\u7535\u8111\u524d\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4f60\u7684IDE\uff0c\u8dd1\u4e00\u4e0b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u4f1a\u597d\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u6587\u7ae0\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u5e03\u5728\u6211\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u535a\u5ba2\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">ZKeeer&#8217;s Blog<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>0x01\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff1a\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u751f\u6765\u88f8\u9732\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u906e\u7f9e\uff0c\u51e0\u4ef6\u5355\u8584\u8863\u670d\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\uff1b\u4e3a\u4e86\u5fa1\u5bd2\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u591a\u7a7f\u51e0\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f97\u52a0\u539a\uff1b\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f8e\u89c2\uff0c\u4f1a\u6dfb\u70b9\u513f\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u505a\u505a\u9020\u578b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u60f3\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u540c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u51f8\u663e\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u63d2\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6743\u9650\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u5ea6<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>0x02 \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5d4c\u5957\uff0c\u4f20\u53c2<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Python\u4e2d\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u662f\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u5462\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u60f3\u7528\u5c31\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u7528\u5c31\u6254\u90a3\u513f\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\">on_call()\r\n       print(\u201chello\u201d)<\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4f7f\u7528 new_func = on_call \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\">new_func = on_call\r\nnew_func()<\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<p>\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2anew_func\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u4e86on_call\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4f7f\u7528new_func = on_call()\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2anew_func\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u6267\u884con_call\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9new_func\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u662f\uff1a\u5e26\u62ec\u53f7\u548c\u4e0d\u5e26\u62ec\u53f7\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u5e26\u62ec\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6211\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1b\u4e0d\u5e26\u62ec\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6211\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65f6<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\">def print_time()\r\n       print(\u201cbefore inner\u201d)\r\n       def pinrt_time_inner()\r\n              print(\u201cinner\u201d)\r\n       print(\u201cafter inner\u201d)<\/pre>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\">def print_time(func)\r\n       ptint(func.__name__)<\/pre>\n<h1>0x03\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c<b>\u95ed\u5305<\/b>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aClosure\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u8bcd\u6cd5\u95ed\u5305\uff08Lexical Closure\uff09\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u95ed\u5305\uff08function closures\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u540c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5df2\u7ecf\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u521b\u9020\u5b83\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c<b>\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u95ed\u5305\u662f\u7531\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u73af\u5883\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002<\/b>\u95ed\u5305\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u73af\u5883\u548c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002[\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5f15\u81ea\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1] \u518d<b>\u901a\u4fd7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u95ed\u5305\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6253\u5305\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd8\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u4e3e\u4e2a\u6817\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\"># func1.py\r\nfunc_name = \"func1\"\r\n\r\ndef func1_call(f):\r\n    return f()<\/pre>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\">#func2.py\r\nimport decorator_func1\r\n\r\nfunc_name = \"func2\"\r\n\r\ndef func2_print_filename():\r\n    print(func_name)\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    decorator_func1.func1_call(func2_print_filename)<\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1afunc2<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u513f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cfunc2_print_name\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u6253\u5370\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u6240\u5904\u73af\u5883\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u662ffunc1\u8c03\u7528\u7684func2_print_name\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5d4c\u5957\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ed\u5305\u4f5c\u7528\u663e\u793a\u7684\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint lang-py\"># decorator_ex1.py\r\nimport decorator_func1\r\n\r\ndef outer():\r\n    func_name = \"outer\"\r\n    def print_filename():  \r\n        #func_name = \"inner\"\r\n        print(func_name)\r\n    decorator_func1.func1_call(print_filename)\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    outer()<\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1aouter\uff1b\u82e5\u53d6\u6d88func_name = inner\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3ainnner\u3002\u5f53\u6267\u884cprint(func_name)\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cpython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6309\u7167<b>LEGB\u987a\u5e8f<\/b>\u67e5\u627efunc_name\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><b>L&#8212;&#8211;local \u5c40\u90e8\u540d\u5b57\u7a7a\u95f4<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>E&#8212;&#8211;enclosing \u76f4\u63a5\u5916\u56f4\u7a7a\u95f4<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>G&#8212;&#8211;global \u5168\u5c40\u540d\u5b57\u7a7a\u95f4<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>B&#8212;&#8211;builtin \u5185\u5efa\u540d\u5b57\u7a7a\u95f4<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u5373LEGB\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c<b>\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5305\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<h4>0x04\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5f15\u5165\uff1a \u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u5d4c\u5957\u548c\u663e\u793a\u8c03\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u8bf4\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6dfb\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u90a3\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>import time\r\n\r\ndef decorator_log_ex(func):   \r\n    print(\"before: %s\" % (func.__name__))\r\n    func() \r\n    print(\"after: %s\" % (func.__name__))\r\n\r\ndef Time_func_ex():\r\n    print(\"time: %s\"%time.ctime())\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    decorator_log_ex(Time_func_ex)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>before: Time_func_ex\r\ntime: Tue Jun 20 09:24:25 2017\r\nafter: Time_func_ex<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c06\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u8fdb\u53bb\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d2\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>0x05\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6@\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u600e\u4e48\u7528<\/h4>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u592a\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e86\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>import time\r\n\r\ndef decorator_log_ex(func):\r\n    print(\"before: %s\" % (func.__name__))\r\n    func()\r\n    print(\"after: %s\" % (func.__name__))\r\n\r\n@ decorator_log_ex\r\ndef Time_func_ex():\r\n    print(\"time: %s\"%time.ctime())\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    Time_func_ex()<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5199\u6cd5\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u5c31\u7b80\u6d01\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">decorator_log_ex(Time_func_ex)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7528\u6765\u63d2\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u5199\u6210\u7c7b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">import time\r\n\r\nclass decorator_log_ex:\r\n    def __init__(self, func):\r\n        self.func = func\r\n\r\n    def __call__(self, *args):\r\n        print(\"before: %s\" % (self.func.__name__))\r\n        self.func(*args)\r\n        print(\"after: %s\" % (self.func.__name__))\r\n\r\n@decorator_log_ex\r\ndef Time_func_ex():\r\n    print(\"time: %s\" % time.ctime())\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    Time_func_ex()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u5efa\u51fd\u6570__call__()\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7c7b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>0x06\u591a\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<p>\u90a3\u6211\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">def decorated_a(func):\r\n    def wapper(*args, **kwargs):\r\n        func()\r\n        print(\", 1\", end=\"\")\r\n    return wapper\r\n\r\ndef decorated_b(func):\r\n    def wapper(*args, **kwargs):\r\n        func()\r\n        print(\", 2\", end=\"\")\r\n    return wapper\r\n\r\ndef decorated_c(func):\r\n    def wapper(*args, **kwargs):\r\n        func()\r\n        print(\", 3\", end=\"\")\r\n    return wapper\r\n\r\n# \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\r\n@decorated_c\r\n@decorated_b\r\n@decorated_a\r\ndef on_call():\r\n    print(\"\u62a5\u6570\", end=\"\")\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    on_call()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u62a5\u6570, 1, 2, 3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4ee5\u4e0aon_call\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u65f6\u8fd9\u6837\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">on_call = decorator_c(decorator_b(decorator__a(on_call)))<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>0x07\u5e26\u53c2\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56dedecorator\u7684\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u4f1a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49log\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\"># \u5e26\u53c2\u88c5\u9970\u5668\r\ndef log(action):\r\n    def decorator_log(func):\r\n       def set_log(*args, **kwargs):\r\n           print(\"\u72b6\u6001\uff1a%s  \u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a%s\" %(action, func.__name__))\r\n           return func()\r\n       return set_log\r\n   return decorator_log\r\n\r\n\r\n#\u5e26\u53c2\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\r\n@log(\"Running\")\r\ndef print_time():\r\n   print(time.ctime())\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    print_time()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">\u72b6\u6001\uff1aRunning \u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1aprint_time\r\nTue Jun 20 09:57:06 2017\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e24\u5c42\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">log(\u201cRunning\u201d)(print_time)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u8c03\u7528log(\u201cRunning\u201d)\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662fdecorator_log\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u7684decorator_log\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u662fprint_time\uff0c\u6b64\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a\uff1aset_log\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884cset_log\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>0x08\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8bb2<b>\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5728\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\"># -*-encoding:utf-8-*-\r\ndef catch_exception(func):\r\n    def handle_exception(*args, **kwargs):\r\n        try:\r\n            u = func(*args, **kwargs)\r\n            return u\r\n        except BaseException as e:\r\n            return \"Catch an exception.\"\r\n\r\n    return handle_exception\r\n\r\n\r\nclass my_deco:\r\n    def __init__(self):\r\n        pass\r\n\r\n    def print_info(self):\r\n        print(\"\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\")\r\n\r\n    @catch_exception\r\n    def get_result(self, val):\r\n        print(\"result: \", 10 \/ val)\r\n\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    t = my_deco()\r\n    t.get_result(1)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2acatch_exception\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e5f\u5c31\u662ffunc\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6240\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u7c7b\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5728\u7c7b\u91cc\u9762\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019catch_exception\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728catch_exception\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u5165self\u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\"># -*-encoding:utf-8-*-\r\ndef catch_exception(func):\r\n    def handle_exception(self, *args, **kwargs):\r\n        try:\r\n            u = func(self, *args, **kwargs)\r\n            return u\r\n        except BaseException as e:\r\n            self.print_info()\r\n            return \"Catch an exception.\"\r\n\r\n    return handle_exception\r\n\r\n\r\nclass my_deco:\r\n    def __init__(self):\r\n        pass\r\n\r\n    def print_info(self):\r\n        print(\"\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\")\r\n\r\n    @catch_exception\r\n    def get_result(self, val):\r\n        print(\"result: \", 10 \/ val)\r\n\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    t = my_deco()\r\n    t.get_result(0)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u6b63\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>0x09\u7c7b\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h4>\n<p>\u7c7b\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528\u6765\u62e6\u622a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521b\u5efa\u8c03\u7528\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>00 \u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u7c7b\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e6\u622a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u521b\u5efa\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6269\u5c55\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7c7b\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4f8b\u5b50\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5355\u4f53\u7f16\u7801\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">instances = {}  # \u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u4f8b\r\n\r\n\r\ndef getInstance(aClass, *args):\r\n    if aClass not in instances: #\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6b64\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\r\n        instances[aClass] = aClass(*args)\r\n    return instances[aClass]  # \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\r\n\r\n\r\ndef singleton(aClass):\r\n    def onCall(*args):\r\n        return getInstance(aClass, *args)\r\n\r\n    return onCall\r\n\r\n\r\n@singleton  # Person = singleton(Person)\r\nclass Person:\r\n    def __init__(self, name, hours, rate):\r\n        self.name = name\r\n        self.hours = hours\r\n        self.rate = rate\r\n\r\n    def pay(self):\r\n        return self.hours * self.rate\r\n\r\n\r\n@singleton  # Spam = singleton(Spam)\r\nclass Spam:\r\n    def __init__(self, val):\r\n        self.attr = val\r\n\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    bob = Person('Bob', 40, 10)\r\n    print(bob.name, bob.pay())\r\n\r\n    sue = Person('Sue', 50, 20)\r\n    print(sue.name, sue.pay())\r\n\r\n    X = Spam(42)\r\n    Y = Spam(99)\r\n    print(X.attr, Y.attr)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5f53Person\u6216Spam\u7c7b\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u628a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6784\u5efa\u8c03\u7528\u6307\u5411\u4e86onCall\uff0c\u5b83\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8c03\u7528getInstance\uff0c\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7ba1\u7406\u5e76\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">C:\\Anaconda3\\python.exe E:\/ProgramList\/PYCHARM\/CorePython\/decorator_class.py\r\nBob 400\r\nBob 400\r\n42 42\r\n\r\nProcess finished with exit code 0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>01\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee<\/b><br \/>\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ejava\/c++\u4e2d\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5916\u90e8\u5bf9\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">def Private(*privates):\r\n    def onDecorator(aClass):\r\n        class onInstance:\r\n            def __init__(self, *args, **kargs):\r\n                self.wrapped = aClass(*args, **kargs)\r\n\r\n            def __getattr__(self, attr):\r\n                print('get:', attr)\r\n                if attr in privates: #\u5982\u679c\u5728\u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u63d0\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\r\n                    raise TypeError('private attribute fetch:' + attr)\r\n                else:\r\n                    return getattr(self.wrapped, attr)\r\n\r\n            def __setattr__(self, attr, value):\r\n                print('set:', attr, value)\r\n                if attr == 'wrapped':  # \u8fd9\u91cc\u6355\u6349\u5bf9wrapped\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\r\n                    self.__dict__[attr] = value\r\n                elif attr in privates:\r\n                    raise TypeError('private attribute change:' + attr)\r\n                else:  # \u8fd9\u91cc\u6355\u6349\u5bf9wrapped.attr\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\r\n                    setattr(self.wrapped, attr, value)\r\n\r\n        return onInstance\r\n\r\n    return onDecorator\r\n\r\n\r\n@Private('data', 'size')\r\nclass Doubler:\r\n    def __init__(self, label, start):\r\n        self.label = label\r\n        self.data = start\r\n\r\n    def size(self):\r\n        return len(self.data)\r\n\r\n    def double(self):\r\n        for i in range(self.size()):\r\n            self.data[i] = self.data[i] * 2\r\n\r\n    def display(self):\r\n        print('%s =&gt; %s' % (self.label, self.data))\r\n\r\n\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    traceMe = True\r\n\r\n    X = Doubler('X is', [1, 2, 3])\r\n    Y = Doubler('Y is', [-10, -20, -30])\r\n\r\n    print(X.label)\r\n    X.display()\r\n    X.double()\r\n    X.display()\r\n\r\n    print(Y.label)\r\n    Y.display()\r\n    Y.double()\r\n    Y.label = 'Spam'\r\n    Y.display()\r\n\r\n    # \u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\r\n    print(X.size())\r\n    print(X.data)\r\n\r\n    X.data = [1, 1, 1]\r\n    X.size = lambda S: 0\r\n    print(Y.data)\r\n    print(Y.size())\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">C:\\Anaconda3\\python.exe E:\/ProgramList\/PYCHARM\/CorePython\/decorator_class_2.py\r\nset: wrapped &lt;__main__.Doubler object at 0x000001E43165C7F0&gt;\r\nset: wrapped &lt;__main__.Doubler object at 0x000001E43165C898&gt;\r\nget: label\r\nX is\r\nget: display\r\nX is =&gt; [1, 2, 3]\r\nget: double\r\nget: display\r\nX is =&gt; [2, 4, 6]\r\nget: label\r\nY is\r\nget: display\r\nY is =&gt; [-10, -20, -30]\r\nget: double\r\nset: label Spam\r\nget: display\r\nSpam =&gt; [-20, -40, -60]\r\nget: size\r\nTraceback (most recent call last):\r\n  File \"E:\/ProgramList\/PYCHARM\/CorePython\/decorator_class_2.py\", line 64, in &lt;module&gt;\r\n    print(X.size())\r\n  File \"E:\/ProgramList\/PYCHARM\/CorePython\/decorator_class_2.py\", line 10, in __getattr__\r\n    raise TypeError('private attribute fetch:' + attr)\r\nTypeError: private attribute fetch:size\r\n\r\nProcess finished with exit code 1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>0x0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h4>\n<p><b>\u8d85\u65f6\u51fd\u6570<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4efb\u610f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1ahang\u4f4f\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u8d85\u65f6\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u5916\u90e8API\u8c03\u7528 \u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528<\/p>\n<p>timeout\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">import signal,functools #\u4e0b\u9762\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93 \r\nclass TimeoutError(Exception): pass #\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aException\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8d85\u65f6\u629b\u51fa \r\n\r\ndef timeout(seconds, error_message = 'Function call timed out'):\r\n  def decorated(func):\r\n    def _handle_timeout(signum, frame):\r\n      raise TimeoutError(error_message)\r\n    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):\r\n      signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, _handle_timeout)\r\n      signal.alarm(seconds)\r\n      try:\r\n        result = func(*args, **kwargs)\r\n      finally:\r\n        signal.alarm(0)\r\n      return result\r\n    return functools.wraps(func)(wrapper)\r\n  return decorated\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">@timeout(5) #\u9650\u5b9a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684slowfunc\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u679c\u57285s\u5185\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u5c31\u5f3a\u5236\u629bTimeoutError Exception\u7ed3\u675f \r\ndef slowfunc(sleep_time):\r\n  import time\r\n  time.sleep(sleep_time) #\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u4f11\u7720sleep_time\u79d2 \r\n\r\nslowfunc(3) #sleep 3\u79d2\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd4\u56de \u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38 \r\n\r\n\r\nslowfunc(10) #\u88ab\u7ec8\u6b62 \r\n\r\n## \u8f93\u51fa \r\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\nTimeoutError                              Traceback (most recent call last)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Trace\u51fd\u6570<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u51fa\u4e8e\u6f14\u793a\u76ee\u7684\u6216\u8005\u8c03\u8bd5\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u987a\u5e8f \u548c\u8c03\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5199bash\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7684bash -x\u8c03\u8bd5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7136\u540ePython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709 \u5185\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5206\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\uff0c\u4e30\u8863\u8db3\u98df\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Trace\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">import sys,os,linecache\r\ndef trace(f):\r\n  def globaltrace(frame, why, arg):\r\n    if why == \"call\": return localtrace\r\n    return None\r\n  def localtrace(frame, why, arg):\r\n    if why == \"line\":\r\n      # record the file name and line number of every trace \r\n      filename = frame.f_code.co_filename\r\n      lineno = frame.f_lineno\r\n      bname = os.path.basename(filename)\r\n      print \"{}({}): {}\".format(  bname,\r\n        lineno,\r\n        linecache.getline(filename, lineno).strip('\\r\\n')),\r\n    return localtrace\r\n  def _f(*args, **kwds):\r\n    sys.settrace(globaltrace)\r\n    result = f(*args, **kwds)\r\n    sys.settrace(None)\r\n    return result\r\n  return _f\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight\">\n<pre><code class=\"language-text\">@trace\r\ndef xxx():\r\n  print 1\r\n  print 22\r\n  print 333\r\n\r\nxxx() #\u8c03\u7528 \r\n\r\n## \u8f93\u51fa \r\n&lt;ipython-input-4-da50741ac84e&gt;(3):     print 1 # @trace \u7684\u8f93\u51fa \r\n1\r\n&lt;ipython-input-4-da50741ac84e&gt;(4):     print 22 # @trace \u7684\u8f93\u51fa \r\n22\r\n&lt;ipython-input-4-da50741ac84e&gt;(5):     print 333 # @trace \u7684\u8f93\u51fa \r\n333\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h4>0x0b\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u6587\u7ae0<\/h4>\n<p><a class=\" wrap external\" href=\"http:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=http%3A\/\/www.liaoxuefeng.com\/wiki\/001374738125095c955c1e6d8bb493182103fac9270762a000\/001386819879946007bbf6ad052463ab18034f0254bf355000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\">\u88c5\u9970\u5668-\u5ed6\u96ea\u5cf0\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9<i class=\"icon-external\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/question\/26930016\">\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3Python\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff1f &#8211; \u77e5\u4e4e<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/question\/25950466\/answer\/31731502\">Python \u91cc\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/20175869\">Python\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08\u56db\uff09\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684Python\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668 &#8211; \u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\" wrap external\" href=\"http:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=http%3A\/\/blog.csdn.net\/hesi9555\/article\/details\/70224911\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\">Python \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u88c5\u9970\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<i class=\"icon-external\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\" wrap external\" href=\"http:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=http%3A\/\/blog.csdn.net\/gavin_john\/article\/details\/50923988\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\">Python&#8211;\u7f16\u5199\u7c7b\u88c5\u9970\u5668 &#8211; Gavin &#8211; \u535a\u5ba2\u9053 &#8211; CSDN.NET<i class=\"icon-external\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\" wrap external\" href=\"http:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=http%3A\/\/blog.csdn.net\/gavin_john\/article\/details\/50899210\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\">Python&#8211;\u7f16\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u88c5\u9970\u5668 &#8211; Gavin &#8211; \u535a\u5ba2\u9891\u9053 &#8211; CSDN.NET<\/a><code><\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>python\u4e2d\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u95ed\u5305\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":150,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[11,23],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=142"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":149,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142\/revisions\/149"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zkeeer.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}